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Andrew Henry Herron

Andrew Herron Sr and Stella Charlotte Jane Baker, who also went by the last name McNeil, married in Stayner, Ontario near Georgian Bay on March 12, 1900 or 1901. Andrew had been born in Stayner in 1878 and was a bricklayer. Stella was a housekeeper who was born 5 kilometres east of Stayner in Sunnidale in 1881. They remained in the Stayner area for a number of years where their first two children, William (b. 1900) and Birdie (Bertha, b. August 1903) were born.

 

By March 1908 their son James (“Jay”) arrived when they were living in Toronto at 534 1/2 Queen Street East near River Street. Three more children were born there: Rodger in February 1908, Marjorie in March 1912 and John, known as Jack, who was born in December 1913. In 1914 they moved about 100 metres north to 26 Wascana Avenue. When Andrew Jr (“Andy”) was born on October 4, 1916, it was in the family home at what is now 983 Cosburn Avenue. In 1916, the Cedarvale neighbourhood was mainly market gardens and the street was called Gresham Avenue, then Cunard Avenue. It only ran between what is now Oak Park and Westlake. Cosburn stopped at Woodbine until the mid-1920s when it was lengthened to connect to Cunard, which became part of Cosburn. Two more daughters were born, Ethel who was born and died in 1920 and Myrtle.

1924 Fire Insurance Plan for what is now Woodbine Heights. Woodbine Avenue is in the centre. The unmarked street below the 1770 number is Cunard Avenue. From www.toronto.ca.

Andy began school at the newly opened Danforth Park. He enjoyed sports. There is no evidence that Andy or any of his siblings attended high school, so Andy's school career would have ended at Grade 8, in 1930. His army record states that he completed “Jr. IV Public School,” so he may only have had a Grade 4 education, leaving Danforth Park in 1926. Andy later wrote on an army form that after the war he planned to go back to school.

 

William, the eldest son, married in 1924 and moved into 49 Everett Crescent, a stone's throw from his parents' house. Andy's sisters gradually married and moved out and by 1937 the Herrons moved to 199 Oak Park Avenue at the corner of Crewe. At some point Andy was in hospital to have his appendix removed. Andy's brother Jack had been working as a butcher at an A&P grocery. On June 16, 1937 the family was devastated when Jack was killed in a car accident a few miles south of Bolton.

 

Andy's employment history is unknown until 1937, when he was a junior salesman for Shredded Wheat. By May 1942, he was working as a lathe hand on a war contract at the Dominion Bridge Company in Toronto's west end. That month he joined the reserves at Camp Niagara and began basic training which continued in Prince George, BC when he was assigned to The Prince of Wales Rangers, a home defence unit that was one of many defending Canada's west coast. Its home base was in Peterborough, Ontario. He enlisted full-time on September 12, 1942 and remained in Prince George until the end of December when he left the Prince of Wales Regiment and was sent to Kingston, Ontario to the district depot.

 

He would soon be shipped to the United Kingdom and was given leave from January 2 to 6, 1943, returning to his family in Toronto. On the 10th, he was sent to the port from which he would sail and embarked on February 4, arriving in Britain on the 13th. Andy remained at the Canadian special base depot, while awaiting deployment to a regiment as a reinforcement. In May he joined the Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment, nicknamed the Hasty Ps which was mainly comprised of men from the Cobourg and Belleville areas.

 

The unit had been in Britain since December 1939 and had been deployed to France in June 1940, but soon had been ordered back to Britain due to the evacuation at Dunkirk that month. When Andy joined them, they were training in Ayrshire, Scotland for a coming offensive. The men could only speculate about where it was to be. They were issued tropical kit and practised riding collapsible bicycles. The Axis had just surrendered in North Africa, so that couldn't be where they were being shipped to fight. The regiment was sent to the Scottish coast to carry out a full-scale amphibious landing. Most of the men were given leave and they knew that they were about to be deployed. On June 13, the regiment sailed from Greenock, Scotland and once on the ocean, they were informed that the destination was Sicily, and it would be a combined attack by the Commonwealth forces and the Americans. Maps and models of the island were studied. It appears that Andy was a member of either Able or Charlie company, given that later he was part of the crossing of the Moro River, which devastated his platoon.

 

At 0100 hrs on July 10, 1943, the regiment set off from the transport ships in landing craft.

The sea was rough and many of the soldiers became nauseous. At 0500 hrs they landed, happy to set foot on the beach even with machine gun bullets sporadically whizzing past them. They had landed on the southern tip of the island, near the town of Pachino and soon headed inland. Able Company moved swiftly and met an Italian artillery battery moving south to provide defence. There was a brief exchange of fire and the Canadians won out, taking many prisoners and possession of the artillery. Baker and Charlie companies hit the shores with such determination that the Italian defenders gave little resistance. By nightfall, the entire regiment rendezvoused at the top of a hill near Pachino.

 

At noon the next day the regiment set off on foot. The heat was brutal for men who had been training in Scotland. Just after midnight they had marched over thirty miles and dropped down to sleep in a field. They were roused three hours later to continue the march, halting again at noon. Finally the tank units caught up with the infantry and the soldiers clambered aboard them. The Allied advance had been so fast that the Germans had not prepared much defence. Most of the regiment was given a welcome forty-eight hour rest. At one point, an open-topped car pulled up and General Montgomery, the leader of the British division, stood on the car seat and instilled confidence in the men with his speech.

 

On July 15, the regiment rode toward the village of Grammichele where it was ambushed by the Germans. The village was surrounded by an escarpment, which rang out with German guns. Able company took cover in roadside ditches and provided cover for the rest of the regiment, which had been ahead of it. A troop of heavy British weapons arrived and along with the tanks, they pounded the Germans. The Germans soon realized that defeating the enemy wasn't a sure thing and at 1140 hrs, they retreated, leaving behind all their equipment, which included their rations.

Members of the Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment, Sicily, July 1943. From Library and Archives Canada.

The Germans had pulled back 50 kilometres to the town of Valguarnera, where the Allies were unsuccessful in gaining any ground. The town would need to be attacked from another flank and on July 17, the regiment was tasked with crossing 15 kilometres of mountain terrain in the dark so as to attack from the east. They had no artillery or tank support and carried at least sixty pounds of gear on their backs. Andy's company found a hill almost behind Valguarnera and dug in, grabbing what sleep it could. The men were jolted awake when six trucks with 150 German soldiers rolled along the road near them. They attacked the trucks and soon the Germans surrendered. Word reached the German command and enemy troops were sent to deal with the Canadians. The arrival of the German reinforcements forced Able and Charlie companies of the Hasty Ps back into the hills, but drawing the Germans to the rear of the town allowed the 48th Highlanders to take the town that evening.

 

The Germans withdrew another 20 kilometres to Assoro, a town which was a perfect German stronghold. Located on the slope of a mountain peak it provided an excellent viewpoint where any Allied advance would be seen and the geography made the town almost impenetrable. Like at Valguarnera, a right and rear flank attack was considered and the Hasty Ps were assigned the task. Lt.-Col. Bruce Sutcliffe, the regiment's commanding officer, went on reconnaissance to get a view of the terrain. A bullet put an end to Sutcliffe's life and the news angered the regiment, making them actually hungry for blood for the first time since they landed.

 

The only way the regiment could attain Assoro was by scaling a cliff An assault force, comprised of volunteers, set out in the darkness of July 20, needing to reach the top of the cliff before dawn. The men encountered a gun emplacement and the German gunners surrendered. There was only one steep and winding road up into the town. The regiment attacked a German convoy arriving with the day's supplies. This alerted the Germans that their enemy was trying to take the town and a fierce and destructive fight ensued. The remainder of the regiment arrived via a goat track behind the town. For both the Germans and the Hasty Ps, there was essentially no escape from the town due to the geography. The Canadians endured heavy shelling and the worry that no food or water was readily available. Eventually the 48th Highlanders and other units brought tactical relief and by noon on July 22, the town was taken by the Canadians.

 

Andy became a casualty at Assoro and was in hospital until the middle of September. Once he was discharged, he recuperated and finally rejoined his unit on October 27. While he was in hospital, the regiment fought three more battles in Sicily and landed on the Italian mainland at Reggio on September 1. A few days after the Allies landed, the Italians surrendered, leaving the Germans to fight on their own. The Germans made every Allied advance difficult and used the geography of mountains and fast moving rivers to their advantage. Donkeys had to be used to bring in supplies and the roads were peppered with landmines.

 

When Andy rejoined the Hasty Ps, the regiment was 100 kilometres north of Naples, fighting the Battle of Torella, and had entered the village of Molise. Part of the regiment seized the neighbouring town of Frosolone to the west. For a week the regiment remained in the two towns, under heavy and accurate artillery bombardment. They discovered that many in the town were Fascists who were leaking the regiment's locations to the Germans. On November 2 the regiment was relieved of duty and was billeted in the town of Castropignano, 5 kilometres away. Unlike in Molise and Frosolone, the Castropignani tried very hard to please the Canadians. Reinforcements arrived and general training continued. When they had leave, the men spent it at Campobasso, which had been dubbed “Canada Town,” where they were entertained at ENSA shows and tried to charm the local girls.

taly with many of The Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment's battles.

At the end of November the regiment headed east. The American Eighth Army had pushed the Germans back across the Sangro River near the Adriatic coast and the Hasty Ps provided reinforcement as the Allies were to push across the Moro River. The Germans had destroyed all the bridges. The weather was miserable and the ground had turned to mud. The regiment relieved the Royal Irish Fusiliers on the top of a ridge looking down into the deep Moro River valley. The actual attack was to take place 5 kilometres inland, but the Hasty Ps were to provide a feint attack near the mouth of the river. Able company was chosen to attempt the crossing. At 2100 hrs on December 5, the company advanced and succeeded in advancing with no enemy fire. After it crossed the river, enemy machine guns erupted and a dozen flares lit up the night, revealing the company's position to the enemy, followed by artillery and mortar shells. There was no cover for the men other than to dive into the mud. The commanding officers realized that Able company would soon be lost and word was sent for the men to retreat.

 

The battle was by no means over. The advance farther inland had been unsuccessful and the Hasty Ps were to try to cross again the next day. This time they had the support of the Saskatoon Light Infantry which fired mortars on known enemy positions and British tanks and guns fired upon the enemy. The regiment began its advance at 1400 hrs on the 6th. Charlie company led the attack, with Able remaining behind in reserve. Smoke bombs hid Charlie from the enemy, but the supporting tanks got caught in the mud on the valley floor. Charlie was running out of ammunition so it and Dog company were ordered to retreat. When ordered forward to take over Charlie's position, Able company crossed the river and scrambled through the mud to the protection of the northern slope. Within an hour Able and Baker companies were across and were climbing up the slopes. They made it to the crest and discovered German tanks and infantry. It was dusk and they dug in below the crest for the night. Sleep would have been impossible as large artillery fired over them and the night was cold and wet.

 

On the morning of December 7, the regiment held the only Canadian foothold across the Moro River. The advances further inland had been abandoned and the Germans actually believed that the feint advance of the Hasty Ps was the major thrust. They were sending their forces and tanks to the area. The tanks that were to cover the regiment were still stuck in the mud in the valley. Things didn't look hopeful.

 

Charlie company helped to get two six-pounder guns successfully carried across the valley and set up near Able company, along with mortars and bombs. As darkness fell, two platoons were sent to the crest and took up positions. At 0100 hrs on the 8th, the counter attack began. The enemy was trying to clear the regiment off the slope. The Able company platoon retreated. The enemy tanks followed and fell into a trap. Able company fired from one side and Baker from the other. The German retreat was a mess and at least forty of their men were killed. The regiment held this small area while the Germans continued to try to unseat it until Canadian reinforcements arrived. The Germans withdrew northward on December 10.

 

Out of Andy's platoon, he was one of only nine members who wasn't killed or injured. A platoon usually has anywhere from 20 to 50 men and three or four platoons comprise a company.

 

The regiment had little rest as the Allies followed the Germans towards Ortona, a town on the coast, 3 kilometres north. Indeed, they moved constantly up the coast road until December 19, with the support of the tanks of the Ontario Regiment, settling 2.5 kilometres from Ortona on the 11th, under heavy fire. On the 13th, two companies were able to push forward a few yards. The regiment kept the pressure on the Germans on the coast road while the bulk of the army was inland, pushing northeast towards Ortona. The regiment was under-manned, having lost so many at the Moro River and on the 14th Andy was promoted to acting lance corporal. The regiment was relieved from the coast road on the 19th by the Seaforth Highlanders of Canada and brought inland to rest before the push to Ortona.

 

The regiment camped in an olive grove and at 1000 hrs on December 22, a German shell landed in the centre of the camp, destroying the regimental aid post and killing the medical staff. A front had been established on the Ortona road and the regiment was tasked with pushing through the front and taking a ridge near the sea. Able and Charlie companies pushed forward more than a kilometre through constant fire from artillery, machine guns and mortars. Supporting tanks had failed to arrive due to minefields and Baker company made an unsuccessful attack. Eventually two tanks arrived and a subsequent attack succeeded. During the night, the regiment cleared a path through a mine field so it would have tank support the next day.

 

On Christmas Eve, a wet and bitterly cold day, a severely depleted Able company had reached its objective, but the Germans still held the top of the ridge and the men continued to shoot at the German machine gun positions that were fighting to the death. The remainder of the regiment pushed forward with Able, although Charlie had taken many casualties the previous day and pulled up the rear. The 48th Highlanders had the good fortune to push through a gap in the German defences and advance a kilometre. The men fought through Christmas Day. Mules were brought in to carry supplies to the field and the injured from it. The battle continued until December 29 with the regiment holding their ground. The Third Infantry Brigade passed through to Ortona, providing the Hasty Ps with a brief rest. They remained in position until January 9, 1944, enduring light shell fire and finding shelter in destroyed farm buildings.

 

On the 9th, the regiment moved forward to relieve the 48th Highlanders who were holding the neighbouring villages of San Tommaso and San Nicola, 3 kilometres east of Ortona. The Hasty Ps were a constant target of enemy shells there and the regiment had to keep its heads down. On January 30, the regiment was ordered to launch a daylight attack as part of a battalion across a two kilometre plain to the east towards the village of Tollo. The Germans sensed that the Allies were below strength in this region and this attack would prove that wasn't the case, although the Hasty Ps were going up against a strong German defence. To everyone, the attack seemed suicidal. Surprisingly, the supporting tanks reached the enemy positions but the Germans soon launched the most massive barrage that the Hasty Ps had experienced in Italy. By dusk, the infantrymen had crawled back to their starting point. The next day, February 1, the Germans believed that they had beaten the Allies and the Allies were shocked when they were told that the attack would be repeated. The men swallowed any fear and set out again. The surprised enemy redoubled the barrage and finally the Hasty Ps' commander ordered them to retreat. On February 2, Andy was reported injured but the wound must have been superficial enough that he didn't need to be sent to hospital. He was appointed acting corporal around this time.

 

The regiment returned to the sporadic shelling of San Tommaso and San Nicola and fresh reinforcements began to arrive, to fill out the skeleton that was the regiment. For the rest of the winter and into early spring, the regiment patrolled the area around the villages and endured mud, snow and heavy rain. On March 15, Andy was promoted to lance corporal.

 

By April, it was as if Mother Nature flicked a switch and spring arrived almost overnight. Of the Hasty Ps who had sailed from Scotland, only about a third remained, the others replaced with reinforcements. On April 21, the men said good-bye to their winter station and moved southwest, stopping occasionally for a few days' break. Andy was promoted to corporal on May 2. On May 5, the regiment stopped at Limatola, about 50 kilometres northeast of Naples. Any hope for an extended rest was put aside as they began a week of training in river crossing. They were being prepared for a push to take Rome and were happy to be a part of it. The aim was to take Cassino, 70 kilometres northeast. During the winter, the Americans and the British had tried repeatedly to take the city, but without success. The coming attack was also to try to divert as many German resources as possible to the region, to weaken the defence for the coming invasion of Normandy in June.

 

On the night of May 11, a bombardment of Cassino began. The Canadians were to be held in reserve. The barrage had had some success and the Hasty Ps moved forward on May 14 to the Gari River which the Americans had already crossed. On May 16, the regiment moved forward through the town of Pignataro which had been captured by the Indian army. With the cover of the British 142nd Tank Regiment, the Hasty Ps were to push northward to the Hitler Line, a German defensive stronghold. Ahead of them was flat farmland with Germans on surrounding cliffs. The regiment advanced in smoke screens and Charlie company went so far ahead that it risked being cut off. The line between the Allies and the enemy was blurred and the regiment suffered forty men injured or killed in the first few hours of the May 17 attack. Andy took a gunshot wound to the abdomen and sadly died the next day. The battle of Cassino was a success by May 18 with the town captured and the Canadians breached the Hitler Line on May 24 allowing the Americans to liberate Rome in June.

Andy's grave, Cassino War Cemetery, Italy.  Photo:  Retired QA, www.findagrave.com.

Andy is buried in the Cassino War Cemetery. During the war his parents moved to the Queen and Woodbine neighbourhood and were still living there in 1960.

 

(Farley Mowat's 1955 book The Regiment was useful in providing much of the detail of The Hastings and Prince Edward Regiment's experiences in the above biography.)

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